Archive for January, 2007

When to drink water

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We have discussed why it is important to consume adequate water, how much to drink each day, and how to improve the quality of the water we drink, but we haven’t yet discussed when to drink water, and why this matters.

Drink a big glass of room-temperature water about half-an-hour before meals, earlier if you insist on ice-cold water, and if you have digestive difficulties or heartburn, try adding a capful of raw apple cidre vinegar or the juice of some lemon to that water. Try not to drink water with meals, as this dilutes the digestive juices too much making it harder for them to do their job. Then drink more water a couple of hours after eating.  In summary, drink between meals rather than with meals.

Water is best at room temperature rather than ice cold, as our bodies have to warm up cold water before it can be used. As Paul Chek suggests in his book  How to Eat, Move and Be Healthy!, you can do an experiment to see the truth of this. If you drink a large amount of cold water, and then jiggle your belly around, you will hear and feel the water sloshing around, whereas if you drink a large amount of room temperature water it is immediately assimilated into the body and you won’t get that sloshing sound. Hot water in the form of herbal (non-caffeinated) teas are fine.

Remember that caffeinated beverages and alcohol do not count as water as they are dehydrating. Quality milk, bone broths and fresh-squeezed juice may be healthy, but they won’t rehydrate you either, so only count water in your hydration efforts!

I personally find that I get a headache when I overdo caffeinated beverages and am dehydrated, so when I get that feeling at the base of my skull where my headaches frequently start, I drink lots of water, and usually the headache does not come on.

Related tips:
How much water should you drink?
Remineralize your water
Water, our critical solvent

Batmanghelidj, F. MD Your Body’s Many Cries For Water, Global Health Solutions, Vienna, VA., USA, 1997.
Chek, Paul; How to Eat, Move and Be Healthy! Chek Institute, San Diego, CA, 2004.
Chek, Paul; You Are What You Eat CD Series  Chek Institute, San Diego, CA, 2002.
Iqbal, MJ paradigm shift Science and Medicine Simplified 2: 6-15, June 1991.
online at www.watercure.com

copyright Vreni Gurd 2007

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Deceptive Food Labeling

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Is whole-wheat bread really made with the whole grain? Apparently if you are buying Canadian whole-wheat bread, it is not. Health Canada states that a product can put “100% whole wheat” on the label even if up to 70% of the wheat germ is removed.

In order to gain any health benefit from grain, we need to consume the whole grain so that we can get all the nutrients and phyto-chemicals in the ratios naturally present in the grain. If part of the grain is stripped away, it is far less health promoting, as the interactions between nutrients are disrupted.

It is something like choosing a book you want to read, then deciding it is too heavy to carry, so you rip out 30% of the pages. Somehow the story won’t flow anymore. How can a health-conscious consumer possibly make good choices when the labels are plain wrong?

If you bake, don’t choose Canadian-made whole-wheat flour – choose an American brand as in the US, whole-wheat actually means whole-wheat. Or better yet if you have oodles of time, buy, soak and dry the wheat berries, and grind your own flour.

Lower-fat milk and yogurt, whether skim, 1% or 2%, are also products that are deceptively labeled, and this one can have really serious health consequences.

Regulations allow producers of milk to put milk powders into the milk and yogurt in order to give a creamy mouth-feel, and they do not have to tell you on the label whether or not it is included. So, some brands might contain powdered milk, and others may not, but as consumers we don’t know.

Powdered milk is spray-dried in the manufacturing, oxidizing the cholesterol in it, which makes it far more dangerous than the fat in full-fat milk and yogurt.

The other benefit of using full-fat milk and yogurt is that the fat in the milk makes it possible to absorb the calcium, vitamins and other minerals contained in it. As such, the minerals and vitamins in lower fat milk products are less bio-available. Because whey protein-powders and powdered eggs are also spray-dried, they are problematic for the same reason, and in my opinion, should be avoided at all costs, particularly if there is any susceptibility to heart disease or stroke.

Remember that dairy products labeled "organic" is not insurance against the use of powdered milk. As big agribusiness and giant retailers like Wal-Mart try to take advantage of the lucrative organic market, corners are being cut that result in the organic label beginning to lose its idyllic family-farm roots and environmental consciousness.

In North America, the other huge food cover-up where there is no labeling whatsoever, is with respect to genetically engineered food. Currently, the only way a consumer can avoid GMO foods with certainty is to buy organic only. Hopefully the organic label will never be degraded to the point where we cannot rely on it to avoid GMO. 

I think it is criminal that we are the guinea pigs in a very very young experiment, and we have not given our informed consent to participate. About 70% of processed food contains GMO ingredients, and most people probably have no idea that they are eating GMO food on a daily basis.

What happens to those with nut allergies that consume GMO soy that has been altered to contain brazil-nut proteins? Tests show that they become allergic to the soy beans too. Nut allergies can be fatal for some – this to me sounds like potential for disaster, and the consumer can’t read a label to see what sorts of genes have been put into the food being consumed. 

Corn (including popcorn), soy, canola and cotton are the most common GMO crops – in fact, those crops are pretty much guaranteed to be GMO, unless the product says "non-GMO" or "certified organic". 

That means that any product made with these ingredients is also GMO, including those heavily marketed, touted-as-healthy (NOT!) soy products, corn syrup which is in practically everything including many low-fat frozen dinners, and canola and soy oil which are frequently in baked goods, salad dressings and mixed spices.

Check the product code on the produce sticker, and if the first number of five is an 8, it is GMO, if the first number of five is a 9 the produce is organic, and if there are only four numbers, the produce is conventional.

Other labeling deceptions include using the word “light” to mean light in colour, flavour or texture, deceiving the consumer into thinking the product is low in calories or fat.

“Made with real fruit” may mean that it contains fruit flavours which may not be real at all.

"Natural" can mean anything. Often packages show beautiful farm scenes that imply a wholesome, quality product, but frequently the truth is far different.

The goal of the food manufacturer is to use the label to sell us the food – they really don’t care about our health. Hopefully by being more knowledgeable consumers, we can wade through the misinformation and make quality food choices.

Related tips:
Proper grain, nut and seed preparation
Choosing Quality Dairy
The Soy Controversy
GMO – Crossing the Species Barrier

Schmidt, Sarah Health Canada accused of not telling whole story on ‘whole wheat’ bread The Vancouver Sun, Mar. 5, 2012.

Valenzuela, Alfonso et al. Cholesterol oxidation: Health hazard and the role of antioxidants in prevention Biological Research Vol. 36, no. 3-4 Santiago 2003.

Code of Federal Regulations, Title 21, Volume 6, Chapter 1, Food and Drug Administration Part 101 Food Labeling Section 101.4 states:
(3) Skim milk, concentrated skim milk, reconstituted skim milk, and
nonfat dry milk may be declared as “skim milk” or “nonfat milk”.

(4) Milk, concentrated milk, reconstituted milk, and dry whole milk
may be declared as “milk”.

(7) Whey, concentrated whey, reconstituted whey, and dried whey may
be declared as “whey”.

(8) Cream, reconstituted cream, dried cream, and plastic cream
(sometimes known as concentrated milk fat) may be declared as “cream”.

(10) Dried whole eggs, frozen whole eggs, and liquid whole eggs may
be declared as “eggs”.

(11) Dried egg whites, frozen egg whites, and liquid egg whites may
be declared as “egg whites”.

(12) Dried egg yolks, frozen egg yolks, and liquid egg yolks may be
declared as “egg yolks”.

Ravnskov, Uffe, MD, PhD The Cholesterol Myths: Exposing the Fallacy that Saturated Fat and Cholesterol Cause Heart Disease, New Trends Publishing Inc., Washington D.C., 2000.

Krumholz HM and others. Lack of association between cholesterol and coronary heart disease mortality and morbidity and all-cause mortality in persons older than 70 years. Journal of the American Medical Association 272, 1334-1340, 1994.

Online at Food Ingredients First CSPI: FDA Misleads Congress on Agency Efforts to Halt Deceptive Food Labeling July 2006.

Online at How is powdered milk made? Interview with Mark Silvas of the Humboldt Creamery.

Online at Powdered eggs

Coile, Zacharie House votes to dump state food safety laws San Franscisco Chronicle March 2006.

Online at The Organic Myth – Pastoral ideals are getting trampled as organic food goes mass market Business Week October 2006.

Copyright 2007 Vreni Gurd

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Biochemical Individuality

Over the last few years I have done a lot of studying in order to learn as much as I can about how we as human beings function best and can be at our healthiest, in mind, body and spirit.

I have looked in many diverse directions, taken several courses, and read a multitude of books and studies on all kinds of topics related to all aspects of human health and wellbeing. I have tried to resolve the conflicts in the research that I have found, and have come to conclusions that make the most sense to me.

I am not a doctor nor a scientist, and don’t pretend to be, but I think that conventional medicine’s paradigm of “treating disease” is problematic, because a great deal of the medical research and the evidence-based medicine resulting from that research relies on a premise that is I think might be flawed.

Once the premise is corrected, I feel certain that research will become much more conclusive. Currently it seems that all too frequently, for some people a particular medical treatment works well, for others there isn’t much change, and for a third group that same treatment makes them feel worse.

Usually the way research works is a specific hypothesis is tested on a group of subjects and compared to a control group in order to assess the validity of the hypothesis. The assumption is that the subjects in the study are homogenous in nature – that the anatomy, physiology and biochemical processes are identical mouse to mouse or person to person.

Nothing could be further from the truth! We clearly look very different from each other and we have different personalities as well. And if we study our insides, we vary enormously.

Anatomy books like Frank Netter’s have pages that show variations in organ shape and size, variations in renal arteries and veins, variations in the hepatic portal vein, variations in the arteries of the colon, variations in the pancreatic ducts etc. These variations may have an impact on function and on health.

For example, there are many variations as to where the bile and pancreatic ducts enter the duodenum – in some people the ducts converge into a single duct mixing their juices before entering the duodenum. Gallstones stuck in the common duct may be particularly problematic in this variation.

If someone, anatomically speaking, happens to have narrow arteries, they would be more susceptible to heart disease.

More important to the question of drug efficacy and optimal nutrition are the wide differences biochemically between study subjects even if they belong to the same race, and these are the differences that I think are not considered in most research, and the reason why frequently the results are unconvincing with respect to treating disease.

For example, in the average healthy male, the venous platelet count can apparently vary from 150,000 to 690,000 per cu mm. Some types of blood cells are very common in some individuals and are almost absent in others. Acetylcholine levels vary 16 fold in healthy individuals, histamine 4 fold, pyruvic acid 5 fold, urea 4 fold. Pepsin and hydrochloric acid are two extremely important gastric juices, and in a study that looked at 5000 apparently healthy individuals, the amount of pepsin varied from 0 to 4300 units after a test meal! Imagine if they had looked at people with gastrointestinal problems!

Minerals such as sodium, potassium, calcium in the gastric juices of healthy individuals vary about 4 fold as well. There are large variations in enzymes, hormones, amino acids, vitamins between healthy people, and saliva and excretion patterns vary widely as well.

These biochemical variations result in different metabolic pathways being dominant in different people, meaning that a particular nutrient or drug may have opposite biochemical influences in two individuals with different dominances.

Taking it a step further, any adverse symptom or disease can then be the result of opposite biochemical imbalances depending on the metabolism of the individual. Does it not become obvious that with such extreme variation person to person, that basing research on the assumption that we are the same is going to lead to inconclusive or faulty results?

To confuse matters further, there are circadian and seasonal rhythms to many of the hormones and enzymes etc., so one-time tests are often of little value.

Understanding the normal rhythm of the hormone being tested, and then testing the individual frequently enough to see whether the rhythm is off may be the only way to surmise if there is a problem.

Does that mean that research to improve human health is futile? Not at all. We need to use and expand the body of research on biochemical differences, and do research on groups of people that are the most similar biochemically.

Thankfully this wheel does not need to be re-invented, as metabolic classifications involving the interaction between the autonomic nervous system, the oxidative system and the endocrine system have been used with great success in the field of nutrition.

I would bet that if heart disease, cancer, diabetes and other disease research were done on each homogenous metabolic type, far more conclusive answers would appear, and suddenly the medical paradigm would shift from treating the disease to treating the individual based upon the biochemistry of the individual.

Please read through the case studies in the middle of the document to see how this can work; how understanding which functional homeostatic controls were dominant in each individual formed the basis for treating the individual metabolic imbalances, and how different treatments were used resulting in the resolution of such diverse symptoms as high cholesterol, digestive problems, allergies, poor memory, low energy, fibromyalgia, and even cancer.  Note that the symptoms / disease were never treated specifically, as such an effort would be futile considering the wide variety of biochemical imbalances that may manifest them.

Related tips:
Customized nutrition
How hormones, neurotransmitters and steroids work

Williams, Roger Biochemical Individuality Keats Publishing, New Canaan, Connecticut, 1956.

Stover PJ, Garza C. Bringing individuality to public health recommendations J Nutr. 2002 Aug;132(8 Suppl):2476S-2480S

Gonzalez C et al. Biological variability of thyroid autoantibodies (anti-TPO and anti-Tg) in clinically and biochemically stable patients with autoimmune thyroid disease J Clin Lab Anal. 2002;16(1):37-9

Fraser CG Inherent biological variation and reference values Clin Chem Lab Med. 2004;42(7):758-64

Eckhardt RB Genetic research and nutritional individuality J Nutr. 2001 Feb;131(2):336S-9S

V Betts J Ecological variability of hormonal concentrations in modern humans J Physiol Anthropol Appl Human Sci. 2005 Jul;24(4):451-7.

Sodeman, William A. Pathologic Physiology = Mechanisms of disease W.B. Saunders Co. Philadelphia, Pa, p. 346.

Anson, Barry An Atlas of Human Anatomy W.B Saunders Co. Philadelphia, Pa.

Netter, Frank Atlas of Human Anatomy: With netteranatomy.com (Netter Basic Science) Novartis, East Hanover, New Jersey, 1997

Albritton, Erret C, Standard Values in Blood W.B. Saunders Co. Philadelphia Pa

Online at www.healthexcel.com

copyright 2007 Vreni Gurd

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Type 1 Diabetes: A New Discovery

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About a month ago I heard about surprising new research published in Cell out of the University of Toronto which suggested that the cause of Type 1 Diabetes may actually be inflammation to the sensory neurons that innervate the islet cells of the pancreas.  Previous to this research it was believed that Type 1 Diabetes wasan autoimmune problem where the T cells killed the pancreatic β cells causing an inability to manufacture insulin. However, when the inflamed neurons were removed using capsaicin, an anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory peptide found in hot chili peppers, Type 1 Diabetes in mice was reversed, despite the persistent pools of T-cells.  According to this research, it seems that the inflamed neurons (TRPV1  primary afferent neurons) are responsible for the proliferation of T-cells and the islet cell stress, and therefore, Type 1 diabetes, so the disease is neurological in nature as opposed to an endocrine or autoimmune problem as previously believed. Talk about a revolution in how to view this disease!  The question now becomes, "why are those nerves inflamed"?  If science can answer that question, perhaps we will uncover the root cause of the problem.  Although it is far too early to talk about a cure for Type 1 diabetes any time soon, one can be hopeful that progress is being made to that end, as the researchers were able to cure mice of the disease.  The association between capsaicin and reducing blood sugar was first noticed in a study done in dogs in 2001, where the researchers found that capsaicin seemed to increase insulin sensitivity.

Diabetes is a disease that results in elevated blood-sugar levels, although the reason for the poor blood-sugar control is different in Type 1 versus Type 2.  Insulin is the hormone that aids in the transport of sugar into the cells to be used as fuel. In Type 2 Diabetes, the pancreas manufactures insulin, but the insulin receptors on the surfaces of the cells of the body become resistant, effectively closing the door to insulin thereby preventing sugar from leaving the bloodstream and entering the cells. Currently the most effective way to manage Type 2 diabetes is to reduce the consumption of sugar, flour products, fruit juices, and high glycemic fruit and starchy vegetables, as having excessive sugar in the blood creates and environment where glycation (a sugar molecule haphazardly binding to a protein or lipid) is more likely to occur, which damages the arterial walls and increases the risk of heart disease.  In Type 1 Diabetes, the pancreas is unable to manufacture insulin, so the diabetic must inject insulin in order to manage the disease. Type 1 diabetics spend their life doing a careful dance between the timing of insulin injections, the timing of eating, and choosing the right foods in order to try to keep their blood sugar from swinging from high to low and back again.  Diabetic or not, maintaining even blood-sugar levels is one of the most important elements to maintaining good health.

The above research does not suggest that consuming high amounts of hot chili peppers will help control diabetes.  I did a very cursory search for epidemiological data regarding ethnicity and diabetes and found nothing to support the notion that people from countries that are more likely to eat more hot chili peppers have less diabetes. It makes more sense to suggest that at least with regard to Type 2 Diabetes, individual differences in personal biochemistry make some people much more susceptible to the disease, and those that are particularly sensitive to sugar such as fast oxidizers for example, need to be very careful with respect to the kinds of food they consume in order to mitigate their risk.

Related tips:
Blood-sugar regulation
Sugar – The disease generator
How hormones, neurotransmitters and steroids work

Rasavi, R et al. TRPV1+ Sensory Neurons Control β Cell Stress and Islet Inflammation in Autoimmune Diabetes Cell Vol 127, 1123-1135, 15 December 2006.

Phytotherapy Research August 15:391-394; 2001

Basta G et al. Advanced glycation end products and vascular inflammation: implications for accelerated atherosclerosis in diabetes Cardiovasc Res. 2004 Sep 1;63(4):582-92.

Pamplona, R., et al. Mechanisms of Glycation in Atherogenesis Medical Hypotheses, 40(3)174-181, 1993

Vaccaro O., Ruth, K. J. and Stamler J. Relationship of Postload Plasma Glucose to Mortality with 19 yr Follow up Diabetes Care Oct. 15, 10:328-334, 1992.

Tominaga, M., et al, Impaired Glucose Tolerance Is a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease, but Not Fasting Glucose Diabetes Care 2(6):920-924, 1992

Copyright 2007 Vreni Gurd

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